Saturday, June 7, 2008

Names of the game

Names of the game

See also: Names for association football and Football (word)

The rules of football were codified in England by the Football Association in 1863, and the name association football was coined to distinguish the game from the other forms of football played at the time, specifically rugby football. The term soccer originated in England, first appearing in the 1880s as a slang abbreviation of the word "association", often credited to former England captain Charles Wreford-Brown.[46]

Today the sport is generally known simply as football in countries where it is the most popular football code. In countries where other codes are more popular, the sport is more commonly referred to as soccer, and indeed is referred to as such in the official names of the governing bodies in the United States and Canada. FIFA, the sport's world governing body, defines the sport they govern as association football in their statutes,[47] but the term most commonly used by FIFA and the International Olympic Committee is football.

See also

Association football Portal

References

  1. ^ "Soccer". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  2. ^ Guttman, Allen [1993]. "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism", in Eric Dunning, Joseph A. Maguire, Robert E. Pearton: The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics, p129. ISBN 0880116242. Retrieved on 2008-01-26. “the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport”
  3. ^ Dunning, Eric [1999]. "The development of soccer as a world game", Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge, p103. ISBN 0415064139. Retrieved on 2008-01-26. “During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport”
  4. ^ "Soccer Popularity In U.S.", Austin, Texas: KXAN, 2006-06-12. Retrieved on 2008-01-26. "Soccer is easily the most popular sport worldwide, so popular that much of Europe practically shuts down during the World Cup."
  5. ^ Frederick O. Mueller, Robert C. Cantu, Steven P. Van Camp [1996]. "Team Sports", Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics, p57. ISBN 0873226747. Retrieved on 2008-01-26. “Soccer is the most popular sport in the world, and its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels”
  6. ^ 2002 FIFA World Cup TV Coverage. FIFA official website (2006-12-05). Retrieved on 2008-01-06. (webarchive)
  7. ^ a b c Laws of the game (Law 12). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  8. ^ a b c Laws of the game (Law 8). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  9. ^ England Premiership (2005/2006). Sportpress.com. Retrieved on 2007-06-05.
  10. ^ a b Laws of the game (Law 3–Number of Players). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  11. ^ Positions guide, Who is in a team?. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  12. ^ Formations. BBC Sport. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  13. ^ History of Football. FIFA. Retrieved on 2006-11-20.
  14. ^ Harvey, Adrian (2005). Football, the first hundred years. London: Routledge, pp.126. ISBN 0415350182.
  15. ^ Winner, David. "The hands-off approach to a man's game", The Times, 2005-03-28. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  16. ^ a b History of the FA. Football Association website. Retrieved on 2007-10-09.
  17. ^ The International FA Board. FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-02. (webarchive)
  18. ^ The History Of The Football League. Football League website. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  19. ^ a b Where it all began. FIFA official website. Retrieved on 2007-06-08. (webarchive)
  20. ^ Ingle, Sean and Barry Glendenning. "Baseball or Football: which sport gets the higher attendance?", Guardian Unlimited, 2003-10-09. Retrieved on 2006-06-05.
  21. ^ TV Data. FIFA website. Retrieved on 2007-09-02.
  22. ^ FIFA Survey: approximately 250 million footballers worldwide (PDF). FIFA website. Retrieved on 2006-09-15. (webarchive)
  23. ^ Dart, James and Paolo Bandini (2007-02-21). Has football ever started a war?. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  24. ^ Daniel W. Drezner. "The Soccer Wars", The Washington Post, 2006-06-04, p. B01. Retrieved on 2008-05-21.
  25. ^ Laws Of The Game. FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-02.
  26. ^ Laws of the game (Law 4–Players' Equipment). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  27. ^ Laws of the game (Law 3–Substitution procedure). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  28. ^ Laws of the game (Law 5–The referee). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  29. ^ Summers, Chris (2004-09-02). Will we ever go completely metric?. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  30. ^ Laws of the game (Law 1.1–The field of play). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  31. ^ Laws of the game (Law 1.4–The Field of play). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  32. ^ Laws of the game (Law 1.3–The field of play). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  33. ^ Laws of the game (Law 7.2–The duration of the match). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
  34. ^ Collett, Mike (2004-07-02). Time running out for silver goal. Reuters. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  35. ^ Laws of the game (Law 15–The Throw-in). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.
  36. ^ Laws of the game (Law 16–The Goal Kick). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.
  37. ^ Laws of the game (Law 17–The Corner Kick). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.
  38. ^ a b Laws of the game (Law 13–Free Kicks). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.
  39. ^ Laws of the game (Law 14–The Penalty Kick). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-10-14.
  40. ^ The History of Offside. Julian Carosi. Retrieved on 2006-06-03.
  41. ^ The number of competing teams has varied over the history of the competition. The most recent changed was in 1998, from 24 to 32.
  42. ^ 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa. FIFA World Cup website. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  43. ^ Football - An Olympic Sport since 1900. IOC website. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  44. ^ Organising Committee strengthens FIFA Club World Cup format. FIFA (2007-08-24). Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  45. ^ Premier League conquering Europe. BBC News (2008-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-05-27.
  46. ^ Blain, Rebecca. The World's Most Beloved Sport - The History of Soccer. fussballportal.de. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
  47. ^ FIFA Statutes (PDF). FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.

External links

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